8. KARŞILIKLI KONUŞMA
Üye girişi yapmadan sayfa içeriğini göremezsiniz.
Aristotle was a famous Greek philosopher and scientist who was the student of Plato. He studied many sciences including astronomy to which he contributed many new and unique ideas. ----. Some of these lasted the best of time, standing firm for over 2000 years. He also believed that the central part of the universe was composed of four elements: earth, air, fire, and water each of which had its proper place on earth depending on its specific gravity.
A) He used this common knowledge to further justify his theory
B) The famous philosopher wrote down a collection of the ideas of the ancient Greeks on the universe and included his own opinions
C) Moreover, he justified the Earth being stationary because he believed that the stars were static and did not move D) He also was aware that the Egyptians and Babylonians had observed these facts
E) This theory was accepted as fact until Galileo disproved it with his famous experiment when he dropped weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa
Cevap 1 : B
Soru 2 :
Originally, humanism was a concept used to define the education based upon the ancient Greek and Latin classics.
A) Humanizm kavramanın temelinde, öncelikle eski Yunan ve Latin klasiklerine dayalı bir eğitim anlayışı vardır.
B) Esas itibariyle, hümanizm eski Yunan ve Latin klasiklerini de içine alan bir eğitim anlayışını tamamlamak için kullanılıyordu.
C) Humanizm, ilk kez eski Yunan ve Latin klasiklerinde eğitime dayalı olarak tanımlanmış bir kavramdır.
D) Özgün anlamıyla hümanizm, eski Yunan ve Latin klasiklerini kapsayan bir eğitim yaklaşımıdır ve bu amaçla kullanılmıştır.
E) Başlangıçta, humanizm, eski Yunan ve Latin klasiklerine dayalı eğitimi tanımlamak için kullanılan bir kavramdır.
Cevap 2 : E
Çözüm 2 : Burada ‘Originally: Başlangıçta “ve ‘was a concept: bir kavramdır ‘ ipuçlarından sonuca gidebiliriz.
Soru 3 : The dentist could detect no ____in her teeth.
Cevap 3 : decay
Soru 4 :
Astronomers map the locations of ----- bodies and investigate the physical and chemical processes that occur in celestial objects.
A) heavenly
B) fashionable
C) mortal
D) logical
E) genuine
Cevap 4 : A
Çözüm 4 : göksel, cennete ait, ilahi, eşsiz, kutsal, tanrısal, cennetlik, insanüstü
Soru 5 :
Cevap 5 :
Çözüm 5 : ÇEVİRİ: Proje ekibi, geliştirilmiş yeterlilik imkanlarını araştırarak, mevcut iş süreçlerinde zaman analizi yapmada oldukça fazla zaman harcadı. KELİMELER A) accurate-kesin B) separate-ayrı C) adamant-katı D) accessible-ulaşılabilir E) considerable-oldukça fazla TÜYO: " mevcut iş süreçlerinde" proje ekibi nasıl bir zaman harcar? Cevap oldukça fazla olur. Diğer şıklar anlamca elenir.
Soru 6 :
Son : Sales are at an all-time-high at present, so surely we can relax a little now.
Father: _____
Son : Which means that whether sales are good or bad we just keep on working.
Father: Right. That's exactly what I mean.
A) Sales never stay constant. They always go up or down.
B) I reckon it's my turn to relax, not yours.
C) Yes.Take a day or two off if you want to.
D) Certainly not. Now we work all out to keep them there.
E) It's up to you. Do you think we can afford to relax?
Cevap 6 : D
Çözüm 6 : Çocuğun “Sales are at an all-time-high at present, so surely we can relax a little now.” ifadesine babasının vereceği en uygun karşılık “Certainly not. Now we work all out to keep them there.” Olmalıdır. Doğru yanıt ‘D’ dir.
Soru 7 :
Cevap 7 :
Çözüm 7 : WHOM ile yine şahıslardan söz edilir, “whom” ilgi zamirini bir sahıs zamiri takip eder: The man whom we borrowed books from was our teacher. Kitapları ödünç aldığımız adam bizim öğretmenimizdi. The man whom/who they are talking about is my uncle. Onların konuştuğu adam benim amcamdır. The man whom I wanted to see was away on holiday. Görmek istediğim adam tatildeydi.
Soru 8 : Art is something which can be analyzed to give deeper insight as to the common values and beliefs shared by the members of a certain society. Regardless of the place of origin or the time period of a form of art, it will always be a reflection of the social structure in which its creator/s lived. However, the way the artist perceives the culture common to his time period is very relative. People pertaining to a higher social class had different values and ideologies than members of a lower class. This different view of life can be seen very clearly in individual forms of art such as painting and music. These specific forms of artistic expression required very little money, thus could be exercised by anyone including members of a lower class. Other forms of art such as architecture and sculpture required more money and in most cases wealthy patrons such as kings or queens. Architecture also required large numbers of workers which often made it hard to see any individual influence in the design, however showed the collective ideology of all of the people involved. The cost of labour and materials was also so great that very affluent members of society were needed to financially support the whole process. Sculpture was also an artistry that required great amounts of material and labour. This resulted in a more normative form of art which portrayed societal aspects in a way that was of interest to the financial backers.
Clearly, the writer of the passage believes that architecture is ____.
A) a very expensive form of art that economic aid was necessary for tycoons
B) more subjective than sculpture on account of different shapes
C) the one whose designing is open to only particular person
D) not different from other structures of forms in terms of the number of labours
E) low-priced and easy to possess for top class members
Cevap 8 : A
Soru 9 :
Cevap 9 :
Soru 10 :
Spices have been prominent in human history virtually since its inception. They were some of the most valuable items of trade in the ancient and medieval world. Moreover, they were the primary reason that Portuguese navigator Vasco Da Gama sailed to India in 15th century. ----.
A) Around that same time, when Christopher Columbus happened upon the New World, he was quick to describe to investorsthe many new spices available there
B) This spice is often used in perfumes and cosmetics, and many have been used in medicine and religious ritual as well
C) In the past, these types were mostly used in ritual ceremonies
D) Nonetheless, herbs and spices are still used in many ways
E) Today, of course, spices are less pricey and easier to obtain
Cevap 10 : A
Soru 11 :
People who (16)___in malaria-infested areas or who travel to them can take certain (17)___. They can use long-lasting insecticide sprays in homes and outbuildings, place screens (18)___doors and windows, use mosquito netting over their beds, and apply mosquito repellents on their skin. They can (19)___wear enough clothing, (20)___after sundown, to protect as much of the skin as possible against mosquito bites.
16.
A) reduce B) live C) discharge
D) expose E) persist
Cevap 11 : B
Çözüm 11 : “People who live in malaria-infested areas= Sıtma olan bölgelerde yaşayan insanlar…” Cümlenin bağlamından en uygun fiilin “live” yaşamak olduğu açıktır. İPUCU: “areas: bölge” bir yer bildirdiği için ona en uygun fiili buluruz.
Soru 12 :
Gregor Mendel was not the first plant breeder. At the time he began his work, hybrid plants and animals had been known for a long time. Mendel’s genius lay in his ability to recognize a pattern in the way the parental traits reappear in the offspring of hybrids. ----
A) It is true that Mendel was a clergyman who bred pea plants in his monastery garden at Brno,
Czech Republic.
B) Therefore, at that time biology was largely a descriptive science, and biologists had little
interest in experimental studies.
C) So it is clear that Mendel’s “hereditary factors” are essentially what we call “genes” today, which
is one of the major subjects of modern biology.
D) In fact, geneticists study not only the transmission of genes, but also the expression of
genetic information.
E) No one before him had categorized and counted the offspring and analyzed these regular patterns
over several generations.
Cevap 12 : E
Çözüm 12 : Boşluktan önceki cümlede verilen “a Pattern” kelimesi sonuç cümlesinde de yer almalı. “he offspring of hybrids” yerine son cümlede “patterns over several generations.” İfadesi verimiştir.Boşluğa gelecek cümle “past perfect” yapıda olabilir.Çünkü paragrafta “animals had been known” şeklinde benzer bir ifade kullanılmıştır.Şıkları zaman uyumundan da eleyebiliriz. İPUÇLARI : recognize a pattern- analyzed traits - these regular patterns
Soru 13 :
Our understanding of the development of behaviour has long been hampered by the tendency to _______ sharply between 'innate' and 'acquired' behaviour.
A) assess
B) exclude
C) separate
D) distinguish
E) infer
Cevap 13 : D
Soru 14 :
I've read this paragraph many times, but I still can't ____ it.
A) compensate
B) compete
C) comprehend
D) compile
E) compel
Cevap 14 : C
Soru 15 :
Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) was a highly contagious viral disease unique to humans. It is caused by two virus variants called Variola major and Variola minor. V. major is the more deadly form, with a typical mortality of 20–40 percent of those infected. The other type, V. minor, only kills 1% of its victims. Many survivors are left blind in one or both eyes from corneal ulcerations, and persistent skin scarring—pockmarks—is nearly universal. Smallpox was responsible for an estimated 300–500 million deaths in the 20th century. As recently as 1967, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 15 million people contracted the disease and that two million died in that year. After successful vaccination campaigns, in 1979 the WHO certified the eradication of smallpox, though cultures of the virus are kept by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States and at the Institute of Virus Preparations in Siberia, Russia.
46. According to the WHO, ...............
A) the research indicates that it is impossible to eradicate smallpox
B) in 1979 two million people died of smallpox
C) in 1979 scientists won the fight against smallpox
D) corneal ulcerations, and persistent skin scarring are still threatening the people in South Africa
E) Variola major is usually detected in the poor regions of the world
Cevap 15 : C
Soru 16 : Everything in the factories of the future will be run by smarter software. Digitization in manufacturing will have as widespread an effect as in other industries that have gone digital, including photography, publishing and films. Such effects will not be confined to large manufacturers, either. ---- Launching new and innovative products will become easier and cheaper for them.
A) The materials being used to make things are changing faster than they were in the past.
B) In addition, it will allow things to be made economically in much smaller quantities.
C) Nonetheless, companies are also optimistic about a manufacturing revival.
D) In fact, these developments will empower smaller firms and individual entrepreneurs.
E) As such, companies from all over the world use China and India as low-wage workshops.
Cevap 16 : D
Çözüm 16 : Burada “Aslında bu gelişmeler küçük firmalarla bireysel girişimcilere güç kazandıracak.”, deniyor. Eksik cümleden önce “Böylesi etkiler yalnızca büyük firmalarla kısıtlı kalmayacak.”, dendiği için D şıkkındaki bilgi onu eksiksiz olarak tamamlıyor. Bu seçeneğin doğru cevap olma nedenlerinden birincisi, "these developments” (bu gelişmeler) ön tarafta görülmektedir; ikincisi, "will” kullanımı; üçüncüsü ise, "in fact” paralel kullanılan bir geçiştir. Boşluğun önü olumludur ve D seçeneği de olumludur. Çevirisi: "Zaten bu gelişmeler daha küçük firmaları ve bireysel işletmeleri güçlendirecektir
Soru 17 : The government has refused to rescue the company from____.
Cevap 17 : bankruptcy
Soru 18 :
Cevap 18 :
Soru 19 :
Cevap 19 :
Çözüm 19 : RELY ON : GÜVENMEK
Soru 20 :
Some politicians were asked to describe the emotions their own demise would arouse and what would happen after they died, —.
A) therefore all groups gave highly favourable opinions on the measures that were taken by the government
B) while others were given the rather less difficult task of answering questions about their TV viewing habits
C) when the study showed a politician can be a charismatic leader advocating home security measures
D) whereas a politician usually faced an uphill battle to win the approval of voters in an impending election
E) even if you could imagine an unscrupulous politician having a quiet word in the ear of an intelligence officer
Cevap 20 : B
Çözüm 20 : İPUÇLARI: Some politicians= others, were asked= were given Burada “while” bağlacı ile contrast yapı kurulmuş.Şunlar şöyle yaparken bunlar şöyle yapıyorlar…. Politikacılar vefat edenler hakkında duygularını tasvir etmeleri istenirken…..Diğerleri televizyon izleme alışkanlıkları gibi daha az zor işler hakkında soruları cevaplamaları isteniyordu. Her iki cümleciğinde “passive:edilgen” olmaları ayrıca bir ipucudur.
Soru 21 :
Very few of the participants noticed that there had been a change in the order of the items on the agenda.
A) Gündem maddelerinin sıralanmasında değişiklik yapmış olduğunu katılanlardan çoğu gördü.
B) Gündemdeki maddelerin sırasında bir değişiklik yapılmış olduğunu katılanlardan çok azı fark etti.
C) Katılanlardan birkaçının uyarısı üzerine gündem maddelerinin sırasında bir değişiklik yapıldı.
D) Katılanlardan birkaçı, maddelerin gündemdeki sırasında bir değişiklik olup olmadığına baktılar.
E) Katılan bazı üyeler, maddelerin gündemdeki sırasında yapılan değişikliği dikkatle incelediler.
Cevap 21 : B
Çözüm 21 : on the agenda: Gündemdeki’’ ve ‘change in the order: sırasında değişiklik ‘ipuçlarından sonuca gidebiliriz.
Soru 22 :
The little boy ____ his parents' approval on this matter.
A) puts out
B) craves for
C) copes with
D) looks over
E) takes down
Cevap 22 : B
Soru 23 :
Cevap 23 :
Çözüm 23 : ÇÖZÜMLEME: A ÇEVİRİSİ: Yer bilimi olan Jeoloji petroloji, stratigrafi, paleontoloji ve tektoniği kapsayan çeşitli alanlara ayrılır. A) divided into- -e bölmek,-e ayırmak B)designed for – dizayn etmek C) troubled by – sorun etmek D)brought upon – meydana getirmek, neden olmak E) settled into - -e yerleşmek Jeoloji, yer bilimi, mineraloji, petrolojisi, stratigrafisi, Paleontoloji ve tektonik dahil olmak üzere çeşitli alanlar ayrılmıştır. (bölünmüştür) İPUCU: Sözdiziminden yola çıkarak cümlenin bağlamından jeolojinin değişik branşlara ayrıldığını anlıyoruz. Bunu da en iyi veren “divided into: -e bölmek,-e ayırmak” anlamına gelen A şıkkıdır. (YDS'de geçiş sıklığı:4-8)
Soru 24 : I believe to be independent is the ____ right of every individual and nation.
Cevap 24 : absolute
Soru 25 : The more complex societies are becoming, the more challenges individuals face.
A) The problems individuals face become more challenging in complex societies.
B) Societies are becoming more and more complex as the amount of challenges we
are expected to deal with increase
C) No day passes without new challenges being added to the existing ones as
societies are becoming ever more complex.
D) Individuals have to deal with ever more problems as societies become more complex.
E) Never have societies been as complex as now with a high number of challenges to
face.
Cevap 25 : B
Soru 26 :
Effective measures are taken to ____ young people from smoking.
A) discourage
B) discredit
C) disconcert
D) discern
E) disclose
Cevap 26 : A
Soru 27 :
Cevap 27 :
Çözüm 27 : ÇÖZÜMLEME: B ÇEVİRİSİ: Bu tebliğ bazı kişi ve örgütlerin neden çok e-mail aldıklarını ve bu bilgi bombardımanı sorunuyla nasıl baş edeceklerini tartışmaktadır. İPUCU: Bir ‘phrasal verb’ sorusu. cope with: to deal successfully with sth difficult: başa çıkmak Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with. • I cannot cope with all the work I have been given to do. (YDS'de geçiş sıklığı:5-8) A) run through: incelemek, gözden geçirmek B) cope with: başa çıkmak C) put out: söndürmek D) take down: not almak, yazmak E) look over: gözden geçirmek
Soru 28 :
The death penalty has been completely ______ in all European countries except for Belarus.
A) abducted
B) accorded
C) abridged
D) abolished
E) accused
Cevap 28 : D
Çözüm 28 : ortadan kaldırmak, kaldırmak, feshetmek, iptal etmek, bozmak
Soru 29 :
When people think of democracy, they generally couple it with a _______ amount of liberty for individuals and groups.
A) desolate
B) considerable
C) sincere
D) delicate
E) drastic
Cevap 29 : B
Soru 30 :
School bus stop laws are laws dictating what a motorist must do ___ the nearby area of a bus stop being used ____ a school bus or other bus.
A) upon/in
B) until/at
C) in/by
D) up to/of
E) before/from
Cevap 30 : C
Soru 31 :
Because of the increased diversity of domestic life-styles, many people have forecast ____ changes in American civilization.
A) different
B) dubious
C) drastic
D) dreamy
E) durable
Cevap 31 : C
Soru 32 :
Cevap 32 :
Çözüm 32 : ÇÖZÜMLEME: E ÇEVİRİSİ: Yeni Zelanda Maorileri arasında her topluluk kendine özgü şekilde suçlarla mücadele etme yolunu geliştirmiş ve onlara uygun bir takım farklı cezalar seçmiştir. A) pay for: ödemek B) come along:ilerletmek C) take over: üstlenmek D) hold up: beklemek, bekletmek E) deal with: -ile uğraşmak İPUCU: Bir “Phrasal Verb” sorusu. Soruda “Yeni Zelanda'da her bir toplumun, suçla...” ifadesini en iyi tamamlayan “dealing with: uğraşmak,mücadele etmek” deyimi olacaktır. deal with: -ile uğraşmak, başa çıkmak (YDS'de geçiş sıklığı:6-8)
Soru 33 :
By 1993, the world’s human population had reached 5.5 thousand million and, although the growth has slowed down in recent years, it will be many decades before it stops. The reason why this growth is causing so much concern is that we cannot keep up with the corresponding increase in demand for food, water, healthcare, jobs, education and housing. It also increases the likelihood of damage to the environment. Much of the growth has been in the poorer countries of the world, but overpopulation is also a problem for some rich countries, including Britain. With a population of approximately 58 million, Britain has 233 inhabitants per square kilometre. Furthermore, it is estimated that the number of people in the country will have increased to 62 million by 2031, at which time it will start to decline again. Populations not only increase because of higher birth rates, but also because of people moving from poor to rich countries, and from the countryside to the towns. In fact the latter cause is greater than general population growth and is creating many problems in the towns and cities, especially in poorer parts of the world.
57 . It is explained in the passage that ___.
A) the world’s population was about 6 billion through the end of 20th century.
B) overpopulation has always been a problem for many decades.
C) in Europe, many countries have more inhabitants per square kilometre than the rest of the world.
D) it is estimated that the growth will never stop.
E) overpopulation is not a problem for some countries as they have got enough land and food for their people.
Cevap 33 : A
Soru 34 :
Economic recession and rising unemployment, coupled ____ continued increases ______ retail food prices , have curtailed consumption.
A) with/in B) through/though
C) by/for D) at/about
E) within/over
Cevap 34 : A
Çözüm 34 : ‘couple: birleşmek‘ ifadesi ‘with’ ilgeci ve “increases” artışlar ifadesi “retail food prices” perakende yiyecek fiyatlarındaki artışlarla birleşirken buradaki en uygun ilgeç yapısı tabii ki “in” olacaktır. • Problems with the hotel, coupled with this awful weather. • The rate of inflation is determined by changes in the price level, an average of all prices.
Soru 35 :
Oil spills, usually resulting from tanker accidents, often ___ near coasts and ___ a devastating effect on local wildlife, especially seabirds.
A) occurred / were having
B) is occurring / are having
C) was occurring / would have
D) will be occurring / had
E) occur / have
Cevap 35 : E
Çözüm 35 : E) occur / have zaman uyumu
Soru 36 :
Peter : I hear Mr. Lewis is holding yet another meeting today.
Today : Yes. At 3 o’clock sharp.
Peter : _________________
Tony : You may be right. But perhaps he just wants to give us some more detailed information about it.
A) I’ve no idea about what’s on the agenda, have you?
B) I reckon he’s more worried about the take-over than he cares to admit.
C) Let’s hope it won’t last more than an hour.
D) Is it true that the employees are planning to go on a strike?
E) Are the office staff expected to attend as well?
Cevap 36 : B
Çözüm 36 : Burada fikir ifade etme yapısına gerek vardır. Buna en uygun karşılık ‘B’ olur.
Soru 37 :
In his famous speech, you can read ---- into the future Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was able to see.
A) how long
B) whether
C) when
D) so well
E) how far
Cevap 37 : E
Soru 38 :
---- we tend to think of maps today as products of a rationalistic, scientific world-view, maps also have a mythic quality.
A) While
B) Nevertheless
C) On the contrary
D) As though
E) On the one hand
Cevap 38 : A
Soru 39 :
Cevap 39 :
Soru 40 :
Cevap 40 :
Çözüm 40 : ÇEVİRİ: Eğer onlar bizim örneğimizi izleseler ve mantıklı bir şekilde davransalardı, tüm bu acılar önlenebilirdi. KELİMELER A) common-ortak B) civic-şehre ait C) collective-müşterek D) popular-popüler E) reasonable-mantıklı,makul TÜYO: " tüm bu acılar önlenebilirdi" ifadesinden mantıklı davranılmadığı sonucu çıkıyor. O zaman boşluğa gelecek sıfat " reasonable-mantıklı,makul" olacaktır.
Soru 41 :
Cevap 41 :
Çözüm 41 : dev, kocaman, muazzam, dev gibi, olağanüstü, koskocaman, ayı gibi, dağ gibi
Soru 42 :
Cevap 42 :
Çözüm 42 : Kısa bir süre önce ameliyat geçirmeme karşın , bu derslere katılmamı engellemedi. ALTHOUGH (–e rağmen) Kabul Ediş / Zıtlık cümlecikleri ile kullanılır. Although Konya is hot in summer, it is a nice city to spend your holiday. Konya yazın sıcak olmasına karşın tatilinizi geçirebileceğiniz hoş bir şehirdir.
Soru 43 :
(I) No country’s history has been more closely bound to immigration than that of the US. (II) During the first 15
years of the 20th century alone, over 13 million immigrants came to the US. (III) From early on,
Americans viewed immigrants as a cheap source of labor; however, they became fearful that their culture
was threatened as more and more immigrants arrived. (IV) Immigration slowed down in the early 19th century
since wars disrupted trans-Atlantic travel and European governments restricted immigration to retain young men
of military age. (V) In addition, the Founding Fathers, especially Thomas Jefferson, were ambivalent whether
or not the US ought to welcome arrivals from every corner of the world.
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
Cevap 43 : D
Çözüm 43 : Göç, 19. yüzyılın başında yavaşladı,savaşlar trans-Atlantik seyahati engellediğinden ve Avrupa hükümetleri genç erkekleri korumak için göçü kısıtladı. parçaya uymamaktadır.
Soru 44 :
If the robbers ---- so far, the last bank wouldn’t have been robbed last night.
A) were caught
B) are caught
C) would be caught
D) had been caught
E) will have been caught
Cevap 44 : D
Çözüm 44 : 3. tip bir şart cümleciği
Soru 45 :
(I) Adolescence in Western societies tends to be a period of rebellion against adult authority figures, often parents or school officials, in the search for personal identity. (II) Many psychologists regard adolescence as a byproduct of social pressures specific to given societies, not as a unique period of biological turmoil. (III) In fact, the classification of a period of life as 'adolescence' is a relatively recent development in many Western societies. (IV) However, it was not classified as an individual stage in the West. (V) It is still not recognized as a distinct phase of life in many other cultures.
A)I B)II C)III D)IV E) V
Cevap 45 : D
Soru 46 :
The Marshall Plan was not a simple program for transferring massive sums of money to struggling countries, but an explicit – and eventually successful – attempt to reindustrialize Europe.” say Erik Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang. It follows that if Africa really wants economic prosperity, it should study and draw valuable lessons from the Marshall Plan’s dark twin: the Morgenthau Plan implemented in Germany in 1945. Reinert tells the story best: When it was clear that the Allies would win the Second World War, the question of what to do with Germany, which in three decades had precipitated two World Wars, reared its head. Henry Morgenthau Jr, the US secretary of the treasury, formulated a plan to keep Germany from ever again threatening world peace. Germany, he argued, had to be entirely deindustrialized and turned into an agricultural nation. All industrial equipment was to be destroyed, and the mines were to be flooded. This program was approved by the Allies and was immediately implemented when Germany capitulated in 1945. However, it soon became clear that the Morgenthau Plan was causing serious economic problems in Germany: deindustrialization caused agricultural productivity to plummet. This was indeed an interesting experiment. The mechanisms of synergy between industry and agriculture worked in reverse: killing the industry reduced the productivity of the agricultural sector.
- Erik Reinert ve Ha-Joon Chang, Marshall Planı’nın hayat mücadelesi veren ülkelere yüksek miktarlarda para transfer etmek için geliştirilmiş basit bir program olmadığını, Avrupa’yı yeniden sanayileştirmeye yönelik başarıyla sonuçlanan açık bir girişim olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Afrika eğer gerçekten ekonomik refaha ulaşmak istiyorsa, çalışıp Marshall Planı’nın kara ikizinden, 1945’te Almanya’da uygulanan Morgenthau Planı’ndan, önemli dersler çıkarmalıdır. Hikâyeyi en iyi Reinert anlatmaktadır: Müttefiklerin İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nı kazanacakları kesinleştiğinde, son otuz yıl içerisinde iki dünya savaşını başlatan Almanya’yla ne yapılacağı sorusu ortaya çıkmıştır. Amerikan hazine sekreteri Henry Morgenthau Jr, Almanya’yı yeniden dünya barışını tehdit etmekten tamamen alıkoyacak bir plan hazırlamıştır. Ona göre, Alman sanayisi tamamen ortadan kaldırılmalı ve Almanya bir tarım ülkesi haline getirilmeliydi. Tüm endüstriyel ekipmanlar yok edilecek ve madenler su altında bırakılacaktı. Bu program Müttefikler tarafından onaylandı ve 1945’te Almanya teslim olduğunda hemen uygulanmaya başlandı. Ancak, sonradan Morgenthau Planı’nın Almanya’da ciddi ekonomik sıkıntılara yol açtığı görüldü: sanayinin yok edilmesi tarımsal verimliliğin düşmesine de neden oldu. Bu gerçekten çok ilginç bir deneydi. Sanayi ve tarım arasındaki sinerji mekanizmaları ters işlemişti: sanayinin yok edilmesi tarımsal sektörün verimliliğini de azaltmıştı.
According to the passage, Germany ----.
A) had to be stripped of its power to start wars
B) was unable to continue its industrial development during World War II
C) needed industrial equipment and American finance to rebuild the country
D) found the Morgenthau Plan problematic as its economy declined
E) was allowed to industrialize despite its agricultural potential
Cevap 46 : A
Çözüm 46 : A) savaş başlatma gücünden yoksun bırakılmak zorunda kaldı.
Soru 47 :
You must ____ your tongue to distinguish good coffee from bad one.
A) duplicate
B) edit
C) ease
D) effect
E) educate
Cevap 47 : E
Soru 48 :
The Championships, Wimbledon is the oldest and, arguably, most prestigious ---- in the sport of lawn tennis.
A) nutrition B) collapse
C) shortage D) event
E) denial
Cevap 48 : D
Soru 49 :
----, infectious disease continued to kill half of all Europeans before they reached the age of twenty.
A) Although famines became less common and less widespread in Europe in the eighteenth century
B) Unless the total number of urban dwellers across Europe as a whole did not change markedly
between 1600 and 1800
C) Because improved sanitation, together with a better diet, may have played some role in the
rise of Europe’s population in the 1820s
D) Since Naples went from a population of 300.000 in 1600 to nearly half a million by the late
eighteenth century
E) Just as many of the million or so men and women employed in the textile trade in northern
France in the seventeenth century lived in cities
Cevap 49 : A
Çözüm 49 : Yukarda verilen ana cümleciğimiz “yirmi yaşına gelmeden bulaşıcı hastalığın avrupanın nüfusunun yarısını öldürmeye devam ettiği “verilmişken konu uyumu açısından bakarsak: B şıkkı “the total number of urban dwellers across Europe” özne grubu avrupada yaşayan toplam nüfustan, C şıkkı “in the rise of Europe’s population in the 1820s” 1820lerde avrupa nüfusunun artışından, D şıkkı “Naples went from a population” ile Napol kentinin nüfudsunun artışından, E şıkkı “men and women employed in the textile trade” erkek ve kadınların tekstil sektöründe işe girdiklerinden bahsederek ana cümlecikten farklılaşmışlardır. Geriye kalan A şıkkı ise “kıtlığın çok yaygın olmadığından” söz ederek zıtlık veren “Although” bağlacıyla ölümlerin çok fazla olduğunu bağlamaktadır. İPUCU : zıtlık belirteçleri all-less
Soru 50 :
Cevap 50 :
Çözüm 50 : ÇÖZÜMLEME: A ÇEVİRİSİ: Dünya işleri çok karmaşıktır ve hiçbir zaman meydana gelen her şey süper güçlerin etkisinde olduğuna bağlanamaz. İPUCU:“influence of the super-powers” ifadesi bağlamak, dayandırmak anla-mında bir fiil yapısını gerektirir, bu da cümlenin bağlamına göre “attribute” ola-caktır.