3. PARAGRAFTA KELİME (CLOZE TESTS)
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The science of today and tomorrow promises to continue to ------- our understanding of the universe and to give us ever greater control over nature.
A) sack
B) hire
C) improve
D) exploit
E) divide
Today the expansion of knowledge in astronomy, physics, chemistry, and biology is ______ vast and complex, and multiplying ______ quickly to be mastered fully.
A) so/that B) just as/as C) as well/as
D) so/so E) too/too
The average surface temperature of Earth ----roughly 15° centigrade, but over the last century, this average ---- by about 0.6° centigrade.
A) has been / was rising
B) would be / rises
C) used to be / would have risen
D) had been / had risen
E) is / has risen
Frank : Have you taken the TOEFL before?
Linda : Yes, three times for different purposes.
Frank : ...........................
Linda : Generally speaking, the structure part is quite difficult but listening, writing and reading parts are relatively easy.
A) Do you think that it can fully test your knowledge of English?
B) Did you know that it is the most expensive test of English today?
C) How often can you take the test in a year?
D) What do you think of the difficulty level of each part?
E) What is your opinion about the addition of the speaking part?
As my secretary will be away for a couple of days would you be kind enough to ______ my correspondence?
A) play back B) bring off
C) take care of D) return to
E) turn off
Whether an article ---- as money ---- on its value as a commodity.
A) should regard / isn’t depended
B) could regard / didn’t depend
C) has to be regarded / won’t be depended
D) would regard / wasn’t depended
E) is to be regarded / doesn’t depend
Life is an arena where people can ____ the secrets hidden in their ego.
A) disconcert
B) disappear
C) discharge
D) disclose
E) discern
Dogs are thought to be easier to train than cats, but this may be because they evolved to hunt in packs, cooperate with other dogs and be obedient (15) ---- a leader. Their memory requires constant reinforce-ment, (16) ---- they quickly forget. Nonetheless, they are often (17) ---- simply by giving them the attention they need. On the contrary, cats evolved to hunt solo and are much more devious. In some cases, they (18) ---- but do not have the dog’s desire to please. There is some evidence that cats remember specific events longer than dogs do, but (19) ---- their excellent memory for people and spaces, both species are able to build complex mental maps of their surroundings and find their way home.
15.
A) to B) by C) with D) about E) over
The two pills are alike in colour and shape, but there the similarity ends.
A) There are so many differences between the two pills, so it is easy to identify them.
B) Except their colour and shape, the two pills are quite different from each other.
C) The colour and the shape of the pills differ from each other.
D) There are no similarities between the two pills.
E) Neither the shape nor colour of the pills is the same.
Pakistan ----- the Indus and its tributaries for almost half of its irrigation supplies.
A) turns back B) waits for
C) takes to D) pulls up
E) relies on
I went towards him and saluted him, but he only _____ his head a little .
A) booked
B) bothered
C) boosted
D) based
E) bowed
Her ne kadar uykunun tam amacı hala bir sır olarak kalsa da, uyku araştırmacıları uykunun insanlarda ve diğer hayvanlarda nasıl meydana geldiği ve uyku hastalıklarının doğasını anlama konusunda büyük bir ilerleme kaydetmişlerdir.
A) While the exact purpose of sleep is still a mystery, sleep researchers have understood how sleep occurs in humans and in other animals and the nature of sleep disorders to a great extent.
B) While the exact purpose of sleep remains a mystery, sleep researchers have achieved great progress in understanding how sleep occurs in humans and other animals, and the nature of sleep disorders.
C) Although the main reason of sleep is still unknown, sleep researchers have come to understand how sleep occurs in human beings and in animals and the nature of sleep diseases.
D) Despite the fact that the precise reason for sleep remains an enigma, great improvement in understanding how sleep occurs in human beings and other animals and the nature of sleep disorders has been achieved.
E) There is still a shroud of mystery covering the exact purpose of sleep; however, researchers working on this subject have understood how sleep occurs in humans and in other animals, and the nature of sleep disorders to a great extent.
Dr. Hutchinson : For this operation did you use the new techniques you described in your last article?
Surgeon : Yes, I did; and I must confess I’m fully satisfied with the results.
Dr. Hutchinson : So this looks like a new breakthrough in surgery. Congratulations
Surgeon : ______
A) On the contrary that particular article aroused a great deal of interest in medical circles.
B) Don’t be so enthusiastic. I am somewhat disappointed.
C) As you say, there are still various problems to be solved.
D) Well, thanks, but there is still scope for further improvements.
E) Even so, it is time we revised our medical techniques as thoroughly as possible.
This decision may delay the ____ of European unification.
A) deficiency
B) display
C) failure
D) process
E) recurrence
According to the USDA, 5.7 percent of those people have been ____ as food insecure actually reduced their food intake.
A) claimed
B) deceived
C) deduced
D) classified
E) delayed
Education is the most effective tool to ___ all diseases around the globe.
A) collect
B) combat
C) clump
D) coincide
E) combine
Mrs Lears arrived (22) ____ work one cold, winter morning. The temperature was very low and it was beginning to snow. Hurrying to go inside and get warm she was surprised to see (23) ____ large and still outside the office door. She looked closely and was shocked to discover it was a cat (24) ____ to the ground. Mrs Spears realized the cat was alive but (25) ____ to move so she wrapped him up in her coat. When the office workers came later they too put their coats around the cat. (26) ____ he started to move and open his eyes. They carried him inside the office, put him near a heater and gave him some warm milk to drink. Now he lives in the office and has a new name: 'Lucky'!
22.
A) on
B) from
C) in
D) at
E) with
Advertising ___ all the costs of commercial television so it ___ viewers with free entertainment and news programmes.
A) paid / will provide
B) was paying / is providing
C) pays / provides
D) will pay / provided
E) is paying / was providing
He ____ gratitude with love.
A) conformed
B) confused
C) confirmed
D) conflicted
E) condemned
The ______ was not a happy one at the time, but looking back on it I suppose I’m glad it occurred.
A) improvement B) regression C) encounter
D) intention E) compromise
Elections are held so that people can (22)_____ for representatives in parliament or (23)_____ form of assembly. Voting in this way is known as balloting. Usually the (24)_____ is secret - nobody knows how anyone else votes. The US has an election for president (25)_____ four years, and elects part of congress every two years. In Britain a new election for Parliament must be held at least every five years, but the ballot may come (26)_____ if it seems necessary to choose a new parliament.
26. A) recent B) faster C) sooner D) later E) late
A) Unless the wind develops the fire is hardly likely to spread fast.
B) Even without the wind, the fire would have spread at such a speed.
C) It was the wind that caused the fire to spread at such a speed.
D) Had there been a wind the fire would have spread even faster.
E) The force of the wind affected the way the fire spread.
The company suffered from a ___ of innovative ideas.
A) dream
B) drought
C) drawback
D) drainage
E) diversity
Built of prefabricated blocks, the Empire State Building ---- in less than two years, and no other such building ---- in such a short time since then.
A) was built / has been constructed
B) built / aren’t constructed
C) is built / weren’t constructed
D) had been built / constructed
E) builds / aren’t constructing
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea vehicles have (17) ............... some of the limitations of divers and diving equipment. Without a vehicle divers often became sluggish and their mental (18) ............... became limited. Because of undersea pressure which affected their speech organs, communication (19) ............... divers was difficult or impossible. But today most oceanographers make observations by means of instruments which are lowered into the ocean or from samples taken from the water. Direct observation of the ocean floor are made (20) ............... by divers but also by deep-diving submarines. Some of those submarines can dive to depths of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. Radio-equipped buoys can be operated by remote control (21) ............... information back to land-based laboratories, including data about water temperature, currents and weather.
17.
A) surpass
B) beat
C) overcome
D) defeat
E) master
Parents are a key source of support in helping their children learn a second language as they, like teachers, are in a strong position to motivate children to be enthusiastic about language learning. They can teach them to appreciate how languages can enhance their lives. All parents have experience of teaching languages, as they taught their children their first language. Children need to feel confident in their use of other languages. Parents are in a unique position to develop that confidence and inspire their children to experiment with languages and use the skills they acquire. Many parents, because of their own interest in languages and with strong language skills themselves, may already be supporting their children in their language learning. Whatever their expertise, parents can contribute to the sense of fun and motivation that is essential to learning a language.
The main concern of the passage is how ----.
A) parents and teachers must work together to make children more excited about learning a language
B) much parents already know about learning a second language
C) parents play a crucial role in how their children learn a foreign language
D) parents know more about teaching a language than teachers because they taught their children their first language
E) parents who don’t learn a second language will have trouble teaching one to their children
(I) Feminism has established beyond all doubt that very few women find satisfaction except by working outside the home. (II) Many women regard motherhood as a time-consuming obstacle to the great joy of working outside home. (III) There are, however, plenty who contest this view. (IV) These value the time they spend with their children, are aware that it teaches them patience, and sensitivity and offers them a clue into their own pasts. (V) Moreover, because they have children, they feel a greater responsibility towards the future and the need to ensure its quality.
The doctors are of the opinion that the epidemic had been ____ a few weeks earlier.
A) developed
B) diagnosed
C) destroyed
D) detained
E) devastated
18.
A) becomes
B) had become
C) is becoming
D) became
E) has become
Wildfires are an important environmental hazard in many geographical areas. Those areas most prone to wildfires have wet seasons followed by dry seasons. Vegetation that grows and accumulates during the wet season dries out enough during the dry season to burn easily. When lightning hits the ground, it
ignites the dry organic material, and a fire spreads through the area. Actually fires have several effects on the environment. First, burning frees the minerals that are locked in organic matter. The ashes remaining after a fire are rich in otassium, phosphorus, calcium, and other minerals essential for plant growth. Thus, vegetation flourishes following a fire. Second, fire removes plant cover and exposes the soil, which stimulates the germination of seeds requiring bare soil, and encourages the growth of shade-intolerant plants. Third, fire can cause increased soil erosion because it removes plant cover, leaving the soil more vulnerable to wind and water.
45. As one learns from the passage, the reason why a wildfire is followed by vegetation growth is that ----
A) the minerals in the soil, especially potassium, phosphorus, and calcium, are preserved
perfectly
B) soil erosion takes a long time and, therefore, plants have time to grow up
C) plant seeds in the soil are unaffected by the fire and begin to germinate in the wet season
D) the ashes of the burnt organic matter contain many minerals indispensable for plants
E) the area where the fires have taken place becomes suitable for shade-intolerant plants
Archaeologists have a duty, both to colleagues and to the general public, to explain what they are doing and why. ----. Further, their work can also be enjoyed by the wider public which, after all, has usually paid the bill for the work, however indirectly.
A) Up to 60 per cent of modern excavations apparently remain unpublished
B) Archaeologists often prefer to dig new sites rather than devote time to laborious post excavation analysis
C) Many projects depend upon the willing hands of amateur enthusiasts
D) Unfortunately, some archaeologists hoard their finds and prevent colleagues from gaining access to them
E) Basically, this means publishing the discoveries so that the results are available to other scholars
---- philosophers had started to put received wisdom to the test of rational examination, another fundamental question rapidly became obvious: “How can we know?”
A) Once B) Only if C) Unless D) In case E) While